India's defence industry plays a crucial role in national security and economic development. The Union Budget 2025 has allocated ₹6,81,210 crore to the Ministry of Defence, emphasizing modernization, technological advancements, and indigenous manufacturing. A significant portion—₹1,80,000 crore—is dedicated to capital outlay for defence services, with large allocations for aircraft, aero engines, and naval expansion. This increase aligns with the government's push towards Atmanirbhar Bharat (Self-Reliant India), aiming to boost domestic production, reduce dependency on imports, and strengthen India's defence capabilities.
Key Budget Allocations for Defence
The budget breakdown highlights key spending areas:
Category
| Budget Allocation (₹ Crore)
| Purpose
|
Total Defence Budget
| 6,81,210
| Modernization & security
|
Capital Outlay on Defence
| 1,92,387
| Defence infrastructure & procurement
|
Revenue Expenditure
| 4,88,822
| Salaries, maintenance, pensions
|
Defence Pensions
| 1,60,795
| Ex-servicemen benefits
|
Aircraft & Aero Engines
| 48,614
| Airforce modernization
|
Naval Fleet
| 24,390
| Strengthening naval capabilities
|
Other Equipment
| 63,099
| Defence technology & R&D
|
1. Capital Expenditure for Defence Modernization
A significant portion of ₹1,92,387 crore is directed towards capital investments, enhancing airforce, navy, and ground forces. Some major allocations include:
₹48,614 crore for aircraft & aero engines: Strengthening India's aerial defence through new fighter jets, transport aircraft, and helicopters.
₹24,390 crore for naval fleet: Expansion of maritime security with advanced warships, submarines, and coastal defence systems.
₹63,099 crore for defence equipment: Investment in missile systems, artillery, radar technology, and combat gear.
2. Strengthening Atmanirbhar Bharat in Defence
The budget reinforces the Make in India initiative by:
Promoting domestic defence manufacturing, reducing reliance on imports.
Boosting Defence Public Sector Undertakings (DPSUs) and private sector participation.
Encouraging R&D for advanced surveillance systems, AI-driven warfare, and cyber defence.
3. Increased Defence Pensions and Revenue Expenditure
The government has allocated ₹1,60,795 crore for defence pensions, supporting retired personnel and families. Additionally, ₹4,88,822 crore has been set aside for salaries, operational costs, and maintenance.
4. Future Implications for the Defence Industry
Greater self-reliance in arms production, boosting exports and local employment.
Advanced naval and airforce capabilities, strengthening India’s position in the Indo-Pacific.
Enhanced cybersecurity and AI-driven warfare, preparing India for modern threats.
Conclusion
The Union Budget 2025 demonstrates a strong commitment to modernizing India’s defence sector, ensuring security preparedness and self-reliance. Increased capital expenditure and technological advancements will drive innovation, strengthen the armed forces, and position India as a key player in the global defence industry.
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