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What is Margin Trading?

Margin trading allows you to buy more shares than your available funds would typically permit. If you expect a stock to rise but can’t afford the full quantity, margin trading lets you pay only a portion of the trade value. This upfront payment is called the margin, and the rest is temporarily funded by your broker.

To use margin trading, you must request your broker to enable a Margin Trading Facility (MTF) and open an MTF account. You’ll need to maintain a minimum balance set by the broker. Once your margin is deposited, the broker funds the remaining amount. Interest is charged on the borrowed portion until the position is squared off or settled.

How Does Margin Trading Work?

After the opening of an MTF account, the broker can fund client’s trade once client places an order under MTF & pays the required margin. The funded amount is like a loaned capital that the investor will pay interest on.

Example : 

An investor wishes to purchase shares worth Rs 50,000 but he doesn’t have the full amount. He can pay a part of the total amount to buy the shares, called margin.

Suppose the margin, in this case, is 25%. So, the investor pays Rs. 10,000 (25% of Rs. 40,000) to the broker as margin. The investor is required to pay interest to the broker on Total MTF position created.

Features of Margin Trading

Now that we know what is margin trading, let’s understand its key features:

  • Collateral Use: You can use available cash or approved securities in your portfolio as collateral to borrow funds from your broker for purchasing stocks.

  • MTF Account: A Margin Trading Facility (MTF) account is where margin trades are made. These accounts follow the rules set by SEBI and the stock exchange.

  • Authorised Brokers Only: You can only do margin trading through brokers who are registered and approved by SEBI.

  • Flexible Margin Limits: If stock prices go up, the margin value of your pledged securities may also go up. This means you can trade more without needing more money.

  • Carry Forward Option: You can carry margin trades for up to 365 days. The length of time may vary by broker.

Advantages of Margin Trading

  1. Increased Buying Power – Allows traders to purchase more securities than with available cash.

  2. Leverage Opportunity – Maximizes potential returns by using borrowed funds.

  3. Portfolio Diversification – Enables investment across multiple assets with limited capital.

  4. Quick Market Entry – Provides immediate funds to seize trading opportunities.

  5. Higher Profit Potential – Gains can be amplified if trades move in the desired direction.

Risks Involved in Margin Trading

  1. Profits & Losses - Margin is like a double-edged sword. It can help investors magnify profits & also magnify losses. There’s a great chance that you may end up losing more than what you invested.

  2. Minimum Balance – The investor needs to keep a minimum balance in the MTF account at all times when an MTF position is open. In case the balance falls below the minimum level, the broker notifies the investor to meet the minimum balance. If he is unable to, then he is forced to sell some or all the shares under an MTF order for the maintenance of the minimum balance.

  3. Liquidation – In the event of failure on the investors’ part to keep up with the margin trade terms, the broker may square off the position and liquidate the investor’s assets for recovery of the amount.

SEBI Regulations Regarding Margin Trading

The new margin rules from SEBI are meant to lower risk and make things clearer. Traders must meet stricter margin requirements up front, and there are penalties for not doing so. The Margin Pledge Mechanism is one of these safeguards.

Parameter

Before

Now (As per latest SEBI rules)

Initial margin required in cash segment

No

On T-day, a minimum of 20% margin is required. Additional margin (if any) must be paid by T+2 (pay-in date). Cash-collateral-backed securities now count as margin.

Initial margin required for selling of shares

No

A minimum 20% initial margin is mandatory even for selling. To avoid margin block, brokers can perform early pay-in on behalf of clients.

Penalty on short margin

No

Yes. Any shortfall in margin will attract penalties as per SEBI's margin reporting framework.

Pledging of shares

Shares had to be transferred to the broker’s account or POA given for pledging

Shares now remain in the investor's demat account. Limit on pledged shares is available only for securities pledged via Margin Pledge Mechanism (MPM).

Conclusion

Traders can buy more stocks and maybe get more money back by trading on margin in the stock market. But it also has more risks. In order to trade safely and responsibly, traders need to know SEBI's rules about margin trading. By following these rules, traders can protect their money and lower their risks. Always follow the rules and trade in a disciplined way. You can make money by trading on margin, but you need to know the market well and be aware of the risks.

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Disclaimer :

The information on this website is provided on "AS IS" basis. Bajaj Broking (BFSL) does not warrant the accuracy of the information given herein, either expressly or impliedly, for any particular purpose and expressly disclaims any warranties of merchantability or suitability for any particular purpose. While BFSL strives to ensure accuracy, it does not guarantee the completeness, reliability, or timeliness of the information. Users are advised to independently verify details and stay updated with any changes.

The information provided on this website is for general informational purposes only and is subject to change without prior notice. BFSL shall not be responsible for any consequences arising from reliance on the information provided herein and shall not be held responsible for all or any actions that may subsequently result in any loss, damage and or liability. Interest rates, fees, and charges etc., are revised from time to time, for the latest details please refer to our Pricing page.

Neither the information, nor any opinion contained in this website constitutes a solicitation or offer by BFSL or its affiliates to buy or sell any securities, futures, options or other financial instruments or provide any investment advice or service.

BFSL is acting as distributor for non-broking products/ services such as IPO, Mutual Fund, Insurance, PMS, and NPS. These are not Exchange Traded Products. For more details on risk factors, terms and conditions please read the sales brochure carefully before investing.

Investments in the securities market are subject to market risk, read all related documents carefully before investing. This content is for educational purposes only. Securities quoted are exemplary and not recommendatory.

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